A yield curve plots interest rates (yields) of bonds against their maturities, from short-term (e.g., 1 month) to long-term (e.g., 30 years). It is one of the most iconic charts in macroeconomics and finance, used to assess market expectations for future interest rates, economic growth, and inflation. An inverted yield curve (where short-term rates exceed long-term rates) is a widely followed recession indicator. The plot should support displaying multiple curves (e.g., different dates) on the same axes to show how the term structure evolves over time.
# anyplot.ai
# line-yield-curve: Yield Curve (Interest Rate Term Structure)
# Library: makie 0.22.10 | Julia 1.11.9
# Quality: 91/100 | Created: 2026-06-10
using CairoMakie
using Colors
using Random
Random.seed!(42)
# Theme tokens
const THEME = get(ENV, "ANYPLOT_THEME", "light")
const PAGE_BG = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#FAF8F1" : colorant"#1A1A17"
const ELEVATED_BG = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#FFFDF6" : colorant"#242420"
const INK = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#1A1A17" : colorant"#F0EFE8"
const INK_SOFT = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#4A4A44" : colorant"#B8B7B0"
const IMPRINT_PALETTE = [
colorant"#009E73",
colorant"#C475FD",
colorant"#4467A3",
colorant"#BD8233",
colorant"#AE3030",
colorant"#2ABCCD",
colorant"#954477",
colorant"#99B314",
]
const ANYPLOT_AMBER = colorant"#DDCC77"
# Data: U.S. Treasury yield curves on three dates
maturity_years = [0.083, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0]
maturity_labels = ["1M", "3M", "6M", "1Y", "2Y", "3Y", "5Y", "7Y", "10Y", "20Y", "30Y"]
yields_jan2021 = [0.09, 0.08, 0.09, 0.10, 0.13, 0.21, 0.45, 0.74, 1.07, 1.62, 1.84]
yields_oct2022 = [3.30, 3.82, 4.20, 4.48, 4.47, 4.35, 4.20, 4.05, 4.00, 4.15, 4.05]
yields_jul2023 = [5.34, 5.49, 5.49, 5.45, 4.87, 4.55, 4.36, 4.22, 3.97, 4.18, 3.95]
# Inversion band: from 2Y onward, shade between 2Y reference yield and actual curve
inv_start = 5
inv_x = maturity_years[inv_start:end]
inv_upper = fill(yields_jul2023[inv_start], length(inv_x))
inv_lower = yields_jul2023[inv_start:end]
# Title
title_str = "U.S. Treasury Yields · line-yield-curve · julia · makie · anyplot.ai"
title_n = length(title_str)
title_size = max(14, round(Int, 20 * 67 / title_n))
# Plot
fig = Figure(
size = (1600, 900),
fontsize = 14,
backgroundcolor = PAGE_BG,
)
ax = Axis(
fig[1, 1];
title = title_str,
titlesize = title_size,
titlecolor = INK,
xlabel = "Maturity",
ylabel = "Yield (%)",
xlabelsize = 14,
ylabelsize = 14,
xlabelcolor = INK,
ylabelcolor = INK,
xticklabelcolor = INK_SOFT,
yticklabelcolor = INK_SOFT,
xticklabelsize = 12,
yticklabelsize = 12,
xtickcolor = INK_SOFT,
ytickcolor = INK_SOFT,
backgroundcolor = PAGE_BG,
topspinevisible = false,
rightspinevisible = false,
leftspinecolor = INK_SOFT,
bottomspinecolor = INK_SOFT,
xgridvisible = false,
ygridcolor = RGBAf(INK.r, INK.g, INK.b, 0.12),
xscale = log10,
xticks = (maturity_years, maturity_labels),
)
# Inversion shading (amber warning zone where short-term yields exceed long-term)
band!(ax, inv_x, inv_lower, inv_upper; color = (ANYPLOT_AMBER, 0.30))
# Inversion zone label (inside the amber band, between inv_lower and inv_upper at 7Y)
text!(ax, [7.0], [4.55];
text = ["Inverted zone"],
color = ANYPLOT_AMBER,
fontsize = 11,
align = (:center, :center))
# Jan 2021 near-zero annotation in the empty band between the two clusters
text!(ax, [2.5], [2.2];
text = ["COVID-era near-zero rates"],
color = INK_SOFT,
fontsize = 10,
align = (:left, :center))
# Yield curves
scatterlines!(ax, maturity_years, yields_jan2021;
color = IMPRINT_PALETTE[1],
linewidth = 2.5,
markersize = 10,
strokewidth = 0,
label = "Jan 2021 (normal)")
scatterlines!(ax, maturity_years, yields_oct2022;
color = IMPRINT_PALETTE[2],
linewidth = 2.5,
markersize = 10,
strokewidth = 0,
label = "Oct 2022 (flat)")
scatterlines!(ax, maturity_years, yields_jul2023;
color = IMPRINT_PALETTE[3],
linewidth = 2.5,
markersize = 10,
strokewidth = 0,
label = "Jul 2023 (inverted)")
axislegend(ax;
position = :rt,
backgroundcolor = ELEVATED_BG,
labelcolor = INK_SOFT,
framecolor = INK_SOFT,
framewidth = 0.5,
patchsize = (20f0, 10f0))
ylims!(ax, -0.3, 6.4)
# Save
save("plot-$(THEME).png", fig; px_per_unit = 2)
Runnable source as JSON, for any HTTP client: https://api.anyplot.ai/specs/line-yield-curve/makie/code. Any spec id and library id listed in llms-full.txt fit the same URL shape; every URL below is complete and callable.
{
"spec_id": "line-yield-curve",
"language": "julia",
"library": "makie",
"page": "https://anyplot.ai/line-yield-curve/julia/makie",
"hub": "https://anyplot.ai/line-yield-curve",
"code_json": "https://api.anyplot.ai/specs/line-yield-curve/makie/code",
"spec_json": "https://api.anyplot.ai/specs/line-yield-curve",
"render_light_png": "https://storage.googleapis.com/anyplot-images/plots/line-yield-curve/julia/makie/plot-light.png",
"render_dark_png": "https://storage.googleapis.com/anyplot-images/plots/line-yield-curve/julia/makie/plot-dark.png",
"quality_score": 91.0,
"license": "MIT",
"guide": "https://anyplot.ai/llms.txt"
}Part of Yield Curve (Interest Rate Term Structure) on anyplot.ai.