A polar chart displays data points on a circular coordinate system where position is determined by angle (theta) and distance from center (radius). This visualization is ideal for cyclical patterns, directional data, or any dataset where angular relationships are meaningful. It reveals periodic trends and directional distributions that would be obscured in Cartesian coordinates.
# anyplot.ai
# polar-basic: Basic Polar Chart
# Library: makie 0.21.9 | Julia 1.11.9
# Quality: 90/100 | Updated: 2026-07-25
using CairoMakie
using Colors
using Random
Random.seed!(42)
# --- Theme tokens -------------------------------------------------------------
const THEME = get(ENV, "ANYPLOT_THEME", "light")
const PAGE_BG = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#FAF8F1" : colorant"#1A1A17"
const INK = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#1A1A17" : colorant"#F0EFE8"
const INK_SOFT = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#4A4A44" : colorant"#B8B7B0"
const IMPRINT_PALETTE = [
colorant"#009E73", colorant"#C475FD", colorant"#4467A3", colorant"#BD8233",
colorant"#AE3030", colorant"#2ABCCD", colorant"#954477", colorant"#99B314",
]
const BRAND = IMPRINT_PALETTE[1] # Imprint palette position 1 — always first series
# --- Data -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Hourly household energy consumption (kWh) — a bimodal morning/evening pattern
hour = 0:23
morning_peak = 1.2 .* exp.(-0.5 .* ((hour .- 7) ./ 1.5) .^ 2)
evening_peak = 2.0 .* exp.(-0.5 .* ((hour .- 19) ./ 2.0) .^ 2)
noise = 0.12 .* randn(length(hour))
consumption = 0.8 .+ morning_peak .+ evening_peak .+ noise
theta = collect(hour) ./ 24 .* 2pi
theta_closed = vcat(theta, 2pi) # wrap the last segment back to hour 0
consumption_closed = vcat(consumption, consumption[1])
# --- Plot -------------------------------------------------------------------
fig = Figure(size = (1200, 1200), backgroundcolor = PAGE_BG)
ax = PolarAxis(
fig[1, 1];
theta_0 = -pi / 2, # midnight at the top
direction = -1, # hours advance clockwise, like a clock face
title = "polar-basic · julia · makie · anyplot.ai",
titlesize = 20,
titlecolor = INK,
backgroundcolor = PAGE_BG,
thetaticks = (
0:(pi / 4):(7pi / 4),
["00:00", "03:00", "06:00", "09:00", "12:00", "15:00", "18:00", "21:00"],
),
thetaticklabelsize = 14,
thetaticklabelcolor = INK_SOFT,
rticks = 0:1:5,
rtickformat = values -> ["$(v) kWh" for v in values],
rtickangle = pi / 8, # offset from the 00:00 spoke to avoid label clash
rticklabelsize = 12,
rticklabelcolor = INK_SOFT,
spinecolor = INK_SOFT,
rgridcolor = RGBAf(INK.r, INK.g, INK.b, 0.15),
thetagridcolor = RGBAf(INK.r, INK.g, INK.b, 0.15),
)
band!(ax, theta_closed, zeros(length(theta_closed)), consumption_closed; color = (BRAND, 0.15))
lines!(ax, theta_closed, consumption_closed; color = BRAND, linewidth = 3)
scatter!(
ax, theta, consumption;
color = BRAND, markersize = 16, strokewidth = 1.5, strokecolor = PAGE_BG,
)
# --- Save -------------------------------------------------------------------
save("plot-$(THEME).png", fig; px_per_unit = 2)
Runnable source as JSON, for any HTTP client: https://api.anyplot.ai/specs/polar-basic/makie/code. Any spec id and library id listed in llms-full.txt fit the same URL shape; every URL below is complete and callable.
{
"spec_id": "polar-basic",
"language": "julia",
"library": "makie",
"page": "https://anyplot.ai/polar-basic/julia/makie",
"hub": "https://anyplot.ai/polar-basic",
"code_json": "https://api.anyplot.ai/specs/polar-basic/makie/code",
"spec_json": "https://api.anyplot.ai/specs/polar-basic",
"render_light_png": "https://storage.googleapis.com/anyplot-images/plots/polar-basic/julia/makie/plot-light.png",
"render_dark_png": "https://storage.googleapis.com/anyplot-images/plots/polar-basic/julia/makie/plot-dark.png",
"quality_score": 90.0,
"license": "MIT",
"guide": "https://anyplot.ai/llms.txt"
}Part of Basic Polar Chart on anyplot.ai.