Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Python, R, Julia and JavaScript

Source code in 15 libraries — Python: Altair, Bokeh, lets-plot, Matplotlib, Plotly, plotnine, Pygal, Seaborn; R: ggplot2; Julia: Makie.jl; JavaScript: Chart.js, D3.js, Apache ECharts, Highcharts, MUI X Charts.

A heatmap wrapped around a circle where the angular axis represents a cyclic variable (e.g., hour of day, month) and the radial axis represents a second categorical or ordinal variable (e.g., day of week, year). Cell color encodes the measured value. This visualization reveals patterns in data with inherent cyclical structure that rectangular heatmaps distort, since the first and last angular bins are visually adjacent rather than separated at opposite ends of a row.

Renders

• Full-resolution render, light theme
• Full-resolution render, dark theme
• Interactive version, light theme
• Interactive version, dark theme

Preview render from the D3.js implementation.

Implementations

• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Altair (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Bokeh (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in lets-plot (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Matplotlib (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Plotly (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in plotnine (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Pygal (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Seaborn (Python)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in ggplot2 (R)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Makie.jl (Julia)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Chart.js (JavaScript)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in D3.js (JavaScript)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Apache ECharts (JavaScript)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in Highcharts (JavaScript)
• Polar Heatmap for Cyclic Two-Dimensional Data in MUI X Charts (JavaScript)