A basketball shot chart overlays shooting data on a half-court diagram, plotting each shot attempt as a point colored by outcome (made or missed). The court drawing includes the three-point arc, free-throw line, paint/key area, and basket, providing spatial context for analyzing shooting patterns and efficiency. Essential for basketball analytics and player evaluation.
""" anyplot.ai
scatter-shot-chart: Basketball Shot Chart
Library: plotly 6.8.0 | Python 3.13.14
Quality: 91/100 | Updated: 2026-06-21
"""
import os
import sys
_here = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
sys.path = [p for p in sys.path if os.path.abspath(p) != _here]
import numpy as np
import plotly.graph_objects as go
# Theme tokens
THEME = os.getenv("ANYPLOT_THEME", "light")
PAGE_BG = "#FAF8F1" if THEME == "light" else "#1A1A17"
ELEVATED_BG = "#FFFDF6" if THEME == "light" else "#242420"
INK = "#1A1A17" if THEME == "light" else "#F0EFE8"
INK_SOFT = "#4A4A44" if THEME == "light" else "#B8B7B0"
# Court aesthetics — warm hardwood (light) / dark parquet (dark)
COURT_FLOOR = "#FDF3E3" if THEME == "light" else "#1E1509"
PAINT_FILL = "#F5E5C5" if THEME == "light" else "#281C0A"
COURT_LINE = "#7A6248" if THEME == "light" else "#A08850"
SHADOW_CLR = "rgba(80,60,40,0.08)" if THEME == "light" else "rgba(0,0,0,0)"
# Annotation background — theme-adaptive elevated surface with alpha
ANN_BG = "rgba(255,253,246,0.88)" if THEME == "light" else "rgba(36,36,32,0.88)"
# Imprint palette: green = made (success), red = missed (error) — spec + semantic roles
BRAND = "#009E73" # Imprint pos 1 — made shots
MISS_CLR = "#AE3030" # Imprint pos 5 — missed shots
# Data
np.random.seed(99)
x = np.concatenate(
[
np.random.normal(0, 4, 110), # Paint area
np.random.normal(0, 8, 130), # Mid-range
np.random.uniform(-22, 22, 70), # Corner threes and wings
np.random.normal(0, 10, 80), # Top of key / three-point
np.zeros(30), # Free throws
]
)
y = np.concatenate(
[
np.random.uniform(0, 8, 110),
np.random.uniform(6, 18, 130),
np.random.uniform(0, 10, 70),
np.random.uniform(20, 28, 80),
np.full(30, 15.0) + np.random.normal(0, 0.3, 30),
]
)
x = np.clip(x, -24.5, 24.5)
y = np.clip(y, 0.5, 46)
distance = np.sqrt(x**2 + y**2)
make_prob = np.clip(0.65 - distance * 0.012, 0.25, 0.70)
made = np.random.random(len(x)) < make_prob
three_pt_threshold = np.where(np.abs(x) >= 22, 22.0, 23.75)
ft_mask = (np.abs(x) < 1) & (y > 14) & (y < 16)
paint_mask = (np.abs(x) < 8) & (y < 10)
mid_mask = ~paint_mask & (distance <= three_pt_threshold) & ~ft_mask
three_mask = distance > three_pt_threshold
paint_pct = np.mean(made[paint_mask]) * 100
mid_pct = np.mean(made[mid_mask]) * 100
three_pct = np.mean(made[three_mask]) * 100
overall_pct = np.mean(made) * 100
# Court shapes
court_shapes = [
# Shadow for depth (light only)
{
"type": "rect",
"x0": -24.7,
"y0": -0.5,
"x1": 25.3,
"y1": 47.5,
"line": {"width": 0},
"fillcolor": SHADOW_CLR,
"layer": "below",
},
# Court floor (warm hardwood tone)
{
"type": "rect",
"x0": -25,
"y0": 0,
"x1": 25,
"y1": 47,
"line": {"color": COURT_LINE, "width": 2.5},
"fillcolor": COURT_FLOOR,
"layer": "below",
},
# Paint / key area (slightly highlighted)
{
"type": "rect",
"x0": -8,
"y0": 0,
"x1": 8,
"y1": 19,
"line": {"color": COURT_LINE, "width": 2},
"fillcolor": PAINT_FILL,
"layer": "below",
},
# Backboard
{
"type": "line",
"x0": -3,
"y0": -0.5,
"x1": 3,
"y1": -0.5,
"line": {"color": COURT_LINE, "width": 3},
"layer": "below",
},
]
# Curved court geometry
angle_3pt = np.arccos(22 / 23.75)
theta_3pt = np.linspace(angle_3pt, np.pi - angle_3pt, 200)
arc_x = 23.75 * np.cos(theta_3pt)
arc_y = 23.75 * np.sin(theta_3pt)
corner_y = 23.75 * np.sin(angle_3pt)
theta_ft_top = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100)
ft_top_x = 6 * np.cos(theta_ft_top)
ft_top_y = 19 + 6 * np.sin(theta_ft_top)
theta_ft_bot = np.linspace(np.pi, 2 * np.pi, 100)
ft_bot_x = 6 * np.cos(theta_ft_bot)
ft_bot_y = 19 + 6 * np.sin(theta_ft_bot)
theta_ra = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100)
ra_x = 4 * np.cos(theta_ra)
ra_y = 4 * np.sin(theta_ra)
theta_rim = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 50)
rim_x = 0.75 * np.cos(theta_rim)
rim_y = 1.25 + 0.75 * np.sin(theta_rim)
# Plot
fig = go.Figure()
cline = {"color": COURT_LINE, "width": 2}
# Three-point arc connected to corner three lines
fig.add_trace(
go.Scatter(
x=np.concatenate([[-22], arc_x[::-1], [22]]),
y=np.concatenate([[0], arc_y[::-1], [0]]),
mode="lines",
line={"color": COURT_LINE, "width": 2.5},
showlegend=False,
hoverinfo="skip",
)
)
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[-22, -22], y=[0, corner_y], mode="lines", line=cline, showlegend=False, hoverinfo="skip"))
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=[22, 22], y=[0, corner_y], mode="lines", line=cline, showlegend=False, hoverinfo="skip"))
# Free-throw circle (top solid, bottom dashed)
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=ft_top_x, y=ft_top_y, mode="lines", line=cline, showlegend=False, hoverinfo="skip"))
fig.add_trace(
go.Scatter(
x=ft_bot_x,
y=ft_bot_y,
mode="lines",
line={"color": COURT_LINE, "width": 2, "dash": "dash"},
showlegend=False,
hoverinfo="skip",
)
)
# Restricted area arc
fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=ra_x, y=ra_y, mode="lines", line=cline, showlegend=False, hoverinfo="skip"))
# Basket rim (orange — domain-appropriate structural element)
fig.add_trace(
go.Scatter(
x=rim_x, y=rim_y, mode="lines", line={"color": "#CC5500", "width": 2.5}, showlegend=False, hoverinfo="skip"
)
)
# Marker sizes — slightly larger near basket for visual depth
marker_sizes = np.clip(14 - distance * 0.15, 8, 14)
# Missed shots (x markers, matte red)
missed_mask = ~made
fig.add_trace(
go.Scatter(
x=x[missed_mask],
y=y[missed_mask],
mode="markers",
marker={
"size": marker_sizes[missed_mask],
"color": MISS_CLR,
"symbol": "x",
"line": {"width": 1.5, "color": MISS_CLR},
"opacity": 0.7,
},
name="Missed",
hovertemplate="x: %{x:.1f} ft<br>y: %{y:.1f} ft<br>Missed<extra></extra>",
)
)
# Made shots (circle markers, brand green)
fig.add_trace(
go.Scatter(
x=x[made],
y=y[made],
mode="markers",
marker={
"size": marker_sizes[made],
"color": BRAND,
"symbol": "circle",
"line": {"width": 1.2, "color": PAGE_BG},
"opacity": 0.8,
},
name="Made",
hovertemplate="x: %{x:.1f} ft<br>y: %{y:.1f} ft<br>Made<extra></extra>",
)
)
# Zone shooting percentage annotations (data storytelling)
ann_font = {"size": 18, "color": INK, "family": "Arial, sans-serif"}
for xp, yp, txt in [
(0, 5, f"Paint<br><b>{paint_pct:.0f}%</b>"),
(13, 12, f"Mid<br><b>{mid_pct:.0f}%</b>"),
(0, 34, f"3-Point<br><b>{three_pct:.0f}%</b>"),
]:
fig.add_annotation(
x=xp,
y=yp,
text=txt,
showarrow=False,
font=ann_font,
bgcolor=ANN_BG,
borderpad=6,
bordercolor=INK_SOFT,
borderwidth=1,
)
# Style
title_text = "scatter-shot-chart · python · plotly · anyplot.ai" # 49 chars < 67 baseline
subtitle = (
f"{int(np.sum(made))}/{len(made)} made ({overall_pct:.1f}% FG)"
f" · Paint {paint_pct:.0f}% · Mid {mid_pct:.0f}% · 3PT {three_pct:.0f}%"
)
fig.update_layout(
autosize=False,
width=600,
height=600,
margin={"l": 40, "r": 40, "t": 110, "b": 40},
paper_bgcolor=PAGE_BG,
plot_bgcolor=PAGE_BG,
title={
"text": f"{title_text}<br><span style='font-size:12px;color:{INK_SOFT}'>{subtitle}</span>",
"font": {"size": 16, "color": INK, "family": "Arial, sans-serif"},
"x": 0.5,
"xanchor": "center",
},
xaxis={
"range": [-28, 28],
"showgrid": False,
"zeroline": False,
"showticklabels": False,
"showline": False,
"scaleanchor": "y",
"scaleratio": 1,
},
yaxis={"range": [-3, 50], "showgrid": False, "zeroline": False, "showticklabels": False, "showline": False},
shapes=court_shapes,
legend={
"font": {"size": 14, "color": INK_SOFT, "family": "Arial, sans-serif"},
"x": 0.85,
"y": 0.97,
"bgcolor": ELEVATED_BG,
"bordercolor": INK_SOFT,
"borderwidth": 1,
"itemsizing": "constant",
},
)
# Save
fig.write_image(f"plot-{THEME}.png", width=600, height=600, scale=4)
fig.write_html(f"plot-{THEME}.html", include_plotlyjs="cdn")
Part of Basketball Shot Chart on anyplot.ai.